Utilitarianism and Kants Categorical Imperative Essay

Utilitarianism and Kant’s Categorical Imperative The issues of morality are most clearly expressed through examples of different methods of analyzing a situation. The case of Holmes, an officer in charge of a sinking ship, shows the striking differences between philosopher Immanuel Kant’s beliefs and those of the Utilitarians. After Holmes’ ship sinks, there are twenty passengers in a lifeboat that is only meant to hold fourteen people. There was no time to send out a signal for help before the ship sank, so no rescue is guaranteed and the nearest land is fifteen hundred miles away. Holmes decides to force the wounded passengers and those wearing life jackets off of the lifeboat and make his way to shore without them. This action†¦show more content†¦For example, there is a hunter who wonders if it is morally acceptable to kill a deer. Act Utilitarianism analyzes the effects of this one action to decide if it is moral by assigning a value to the am ount of pleasure and pain each individual involved will experience. In this case the hunter and his family will experience the pleasure of having food from eating the deer, many of the neighbors of the hunter will experience pleasure by having the deer off their property, and the deer’s family will experience the pain of the loss of a family member. If the outcome is that the net value of pleasure is greater than the pain caused by the killing of the deer, it is morally right for the hunter to kill it. The example of the sinking ship and Holmes’ decision to throw people off of the lifeboat represents an Act Utilitarian belief. Holmes’ decision making process can be seen as morally right when one assesses the amount of pleasure and pain that can be expected from his actions. The lifeboat is the only method of getting to shore, and the less people that are in it the better the chance they all have of surviving since it will be less likely that the lifeboat wi ll capsize. The boat holds fourteen people, so it is best to take exactlyShow MoreRelatedKants Moral Theory and Utilitarism Comparison Essay1166 Words   |  5 PagesKant’s moral theory and utilitarianism are two very different moral theories. Kant’s moral theory works off of the categorical imperative. Utilitarianism works off of the greatest happiness principle. Morality and right action are very different within these two theories, and the idea of slavery is a good example of the differences. Utilitarianism can allow slavery, whereas Kant’s moral theory cannot allow slavery. Kant’s moral theory uses the categorical imperative as its basis. The categoricalRead MorePro Life And Pro Choice1403 Words   |  6 PagesBentham’s Utilitarianism. Kant uses a deontological moral approach in his ethical theory. According to Kant’s deontological theory, whether an action is right or wrong does not depend on the consequences produced but on whether or not they fulfill our duty. There are two essential questions that one must ask oneself under Kant’s theory. The first question is whether or not one could rationally will that all people act in the way that oneself choses to act; this is why Categorical Imperatives are importantRead MoreJames Liang And The Volkswagen Emission Scandal Essay1314 Words   |  6 Pagessoftware), and Liang worked to refine the device even further. The entirety of the scandal eventually came into the public spotlight in 2015 (Guess, 2016, p.1). The subsequent paragraphs of this essay will first discuss Kantian duty ethics and rule utilitarianism, and focus on analyzing the moral implications of Liang’s actions in reference to these moral theories. Kantian duty ethics, also known as deontology, is based on a few key principles: first, that an act is morally valuable if the will is perfectlyRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Of Utilitarianism And Deontology1368 Words   |  6 PagesAndrew Sponsler 11/4/15 Ethics Considering Ethical Dilemmas through Utilitarianism and Deontology Kant’s theory of deontology and Mill’s theory of utilitarianism provide starkly different approaches to assigning moral value to ethical dilemmas, two modern dilemmas being commercial surrogacy and physician-assisted suicide. This essay will expound upon the process of deciding moral value within each ethical theory and then apply this decision process to the two ethical dilemmas. Arguments will beRead MoreEssay on Role of Happiness in Ethical Decisions1209 Words   |  5 Pagesideology of utilitarianism. I shall argue that when making ethical decisions, it is imperative that happiness should play a very recessive, if any, role in the decision making process as it does not represent morality in any form. According to Kant, a deontological ethicist, happiness is the â€Å"continuous well being, enjoyment of life, complete satisfaction with one’s condition† (Kant 593). He observes happiness as a form of hypothetical imperative, as opposed to a categorical imperative. Kant focusesRead MoreKant s The Categorical Imperative875 Words   |  4 Pagesintentions. In Kant’s eyes, consequences are irrelevant to assessments of moral worth. He believed the only appropriate motive for moral action is a sense of duty. Sense of duty is doing something solely because it is the right thing to do, not just acting purely out of inclinations is the only just motive for action. Kant defined maxim to be the underlying principles motivating an action which determine its moral worth, not the end result. This sharply contrasts with Mill’s utilitarianism. Kant developedRead MoreMoralism And Immanuel Kant And Utilitarianism1746 Words   |  7 Pagesargument when deciding based on moral beliefs, or solely on the consequences has always been a debate. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that focuses not on the action itself, but the consequences that come from those actions. In a point in time people began to look at their own philological teachings on the topic of morality and ethics. One being Kantian ethics which was formed by Immanuel Kant. Kant’s ethical theory is an example of deontological moral theory, that focuses not on the consequence ofRead MoreMill and Kants Efforts to Solve an Ethical Dilemma822 Words   |  4 Pagesmathematical provability (West 23). Mill’s utilitarianism is the moral standpoint that views actions as right or wrong in proportion to how they advance happiness or pleasure (Bailey 23). By maximizing utility, Mill implies increasing happiness (West 57). Mill urges moral actors to consider the quality of the expected pleasure rather than just focusing on the quantity (Nussbaum 64). Mill postulates that there are higher and lower pleasures (Hayry 48). Utilitarianism can, therefore, be seen as a form ofRead MoreMoral Issues in Business - Chapter 2 Notes793 Words   |  4 Pagesprinciple, and (c) egoism ignores blatant wrongs. 3. Utilitarianism, another consequentialist theory, maintains that the morally right action is the one that provides the greatest good for all those affected. In an organizational context, utilitarianism provides an objective way to resolve conflicts of self-interest and encourages a realistic and result-oriented approach to moral decision making. But critics contend that (a) utilitarianism is not really workable, (b) some actions are wrong evenRead MoreCategorical Vs. Categorical Imperative1929 Words   |  8 Pages An imperative can be described as either a requirement or an order such as an assistant manager being told to take inventory or being told by a personal trainer to do fifty squats. All imperatives, no matter what it is, can either be hypothetical or categorical. A hypothetical imperative would be defining an action to be good if there is â€Å"a means to do something else†. (Landau-Kant 93) An example of a hypothetical imperative would be to do an action in order to achieve a specific result. On the

Health Promotion Free Essays

Health Promotion Plan for African American Adults at Risk for Coronary Heart Disease Community Nursing: NUR 3634 Abstract Coronary heart disease affects a disproportionate amount of African Americans (CDC, 2010a), yet there are modifiable risk factors that can reduce the risk of this disease. These modifiable risk factors include high blood pressure and high cholesterol.This health promotion plan involves a community-based strategy that targets African Americans by offering primary and secondary prevention measures directly accessible at local community churches in Titusville, FL to decrease the prevalence and incidence of coronary heart disease in the African American community. We will write a custom essay sample on Health Promotion or any similar topic only for you Order Now Health Promotion Plan for African American Adults at Risk for Coronary Heart Disease Part I: Community DiagnosisRisk of complications, including death, of hypertension and hyperlipidemia among African American adults related to poor eating habits, poor primary prevention measures, and poor medication compliance as evidenced by data that show prevalence of cardiovascular disease among African Americans to be 44. 6 percent for males and 46. 9 percent for females (FDH, 2008), and Healthy People 2010 National Health Objective 12-9, which is to reduce the proportion of adults with high blood pressure (USDHHS, 2000), and National Health Objective 12-14, which is to reduce the proportion of adults with high total blood cholesterol levels (USDHHS, 2000).Part II: Review of Literature What is Coronary Heart Disease and how does blood pressure and cholesterol affect it? According to the CDC (2010b), cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women (34. 3 percent of a ll deaths), and is estimated to affect over 81 million people in the United States (AHA, 2010). Cardiovascular disease includes several conditions (AHA, 2010): high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, stroke, and heart failure. Coronary heart disease is the most common type of cardiovascular disease and accounts for the majority of these deaths (AHA, 2010). Coronary heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, refers to a condition in which atherosclerotic plaque collects in the arteries and obstructs the flow of blood to the myocardium (Lewis, Heitkemper, Dirkson, O’Brien, Bucher, 2007). The plaques consist of deposits of cholesterol and lipids, which progressively decrease the diameter of the blood vessel though which blood flows. The stress of a constantly elevated blood pressure increases the rate of atherosclerotic development (Lewis, Heitkemper, Dirkson, O’Brien, Bucher, 2007). Coronary heart disease is associated with multiple risk factors, some of which are modifiable (e. . , high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, and dietary factors) and other risk factors that are not modifiable (e. g. , age, sex, heredity) (CDC 2010b; Lewis, Heitkemper, Dirkson, O’Brien, Bucher, 2007). Why is high cholesterol high blood pressure a problem for African American Adults? Data from the CDC (2010a) suggest that although African Americans are less likely to be diagnosed with coronary heart disease, which is due to disparities in health care access and delivery, they are more likely to die from it. In fact, the prevalence of cardiovascular disease among African Americans is 44. percent for males and 46. 9 percent for females (FDH, 2008). Related to this are estimates that African American males and females over the age of 20 are more likely to have hypertension than non-Hispanic whites (CDC, 2010a). Although percentage of African American adults over the age of 20 with high cholesterol is less than non-Hispanic whites, high cholesterol is still a problem for approximately 10 percent of African American females and 13 percent of males (CDC, 2010a). Current Nursing Interventions Primary prevention measures generally consist of patient education, behavioral counseling, and support.Secondary prevention measures involve blood pressure screening, blood lipid screening, prescription and reinforcement of medication regimes (Taylor Wright, 2005), and referrals. Successful and Unsuccessful Interventions Current interventions combined with programs such as the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) 2010, which addresses underserved communities (CDC, 2010c), the BLESS project (Williamson Kautz, 2009), which promotes health through faith-based activities, and community health advisor programs are interventions that are working (Cornell et al. 2009; Plescia, Herrick, Chavis, 2008; McKinley et al. , 2009; Williamson Kautz, 2009). Studies suggest that some interventions alone don’t always achieve the intended outcomes due to disparities in related to access and delivery of health care (Niska Han, 2009; Ratanawon gsa, Fisher, Couper, Van Hoewyk, Powe, 2010). Part III: Plan Title: Health Promotion Plan for African American Adults at Risk for Coronary Heart Disease in Titusville, FL. Short term goal: Before and after Sunday church services at five, mainly African American churches, volunteer nurses will educate 10 individuals on three causes of high blood pressure and three causes of high cholesterol, and screen those 10 individuals for high blood pressure. Three Measurable, Time Specific Learner Objectives 1. By the end of one, 20-minute teaching session, participants will list three ways to decrease coronary heart disease. 2. By the end of one, 20-minute teaching session, participants will list three health promoting behaviors to reduce high blood pressure. . By the end of one, 20-minute teaching session, participants will list three health promoting behaviors to decrease elevated cholesterol levels. These goals and objectives specifically target African Americans living in Titusville. Short, concise educational sessions will precede and follow church services at five predominantly African American churches in Titusville the first Sunday of each month for a year. A booth, consisting of information in the form of posters and pamphlets for participants to take home, will be set up.The booth will be staffed by two nurse volunteers, who will provide basic information to participants, as well as assess participant’s blood pressures. The objectives will be measured and evaluated orally through question and answer sessions at the end a 20-minute session. These objectives are reasonable and feasible because the time frame suggested is enough to engage the participant without overwhelming them with too much information, yet nurses will be available for questions once a month (for a year) should the need arise. How to cite Health Promotion, Papers Health promotion Free Essays What is health promotion and why is it important in our world today? I am sure it seems the answer is not very complicated: but is it as simple as promoting health? According to the World Health Organization (WHO), â€Å"Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health† (World, 2013). This is a change from the past in that healthcare providers are encouraging our patients to take control of their own health while guiding and educating them in he right direction. Health has been shown not to Just be free from disease but also encompasses physical, mental, and social well-being (WHO 2013). We will write a custom essay sample on Health promotion or any similar topic only for you Order Now The whole purpose of promoting individual health is to give the communities the ability to feel they have control over their health plan and help them to stay out of the hospitals, which is what they prefer. This takes cooperation by the patient and the healthcare provider. It is imperative that a nurse stay up to date with a continuous changing healthcare pattern, since they have a big role in health promotion. A big part of health promotion is related to nurses educating the communities, especially since nurses are becoming more and more involved in the communities. As time advances, researchers are predicting nurses will move more out of the hospital and into the communities. Now, more than ever, nurses are challenged to improve patient outcomes by assessing and creating education plans that will increase the patient’s awareness and understanding of their disease process and management. After very thorough assessments and the need for education is completed, nurses must create plan for implementing a strategy to reach the audience targeted. It states in the article Public Health Nutrition: Focus on Prevention, the three different levels of implementation methods utilized today. The first method is individually focused and promotes health outcomes through educating, changes to a healthy lifestyle, and individual behaviors. The types of interventions are carried out through one-on-one educational discussions and telephone conversations. The next implementation tier is more community-focused. These interventions put the spotlight on the needs of modification. The last method to be identified in the article include system-focused interventions. These interventions shift the focus from the individual to the facilities that serve individuals and the laws and policies surrounding the facility. For example, improvements in school lunches to make them healthier (University, 2012). If the healthcare providers can use the combination of the three methods listed above with the nursing process it can to improve outcomes of the patients and community in all areas of nursing. Health promotion is split by healthcare into three levels: primary, secondary, and ertiary. Primary prevention’s main concept is to prevent the disease from occurring and keeping the public healthy. A couple of examples of how this is accomplished are through education, regular exams, and immunizations. A few years ago the Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners published an article, Reducing heart disease through the vegetarian diet using primary prevention, and it discusses how if a patient leads a vegan lifestyle this could cut out a lot of the processed foods and help the patient to improve chronic heart conditions. If one is unsure exactly how to ursue a vegetarian diet having a consultation with a dietitian is an additional option. Next on the pyramid of health is secondary prevention. This layer of prevention focuses on after an injury or illness has been diagnosed. The goal is to prevent progression or slow down the disease. Using the example of heart disease above, if providers are teaching regarding secondary prevention it would include termination of smoking, diet and exercise, and keeping a healthy weight and blood pressure (Mosca, i. e. 2010). These goals are more patient specific than primary prevention. The last tier includes tertiary prevention which focuses on helping the public prevent a further decline in health while maximizing their quality of life after being diagnosed with a chronic condition. In a recent article, The Effects of Cardiac Tertiary Prevention Program after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery on Health and Quality of Life, it discusses cardiac rehabilitation as a possibility to fall into the tertiary level. This falls into the category in that it helps restore patient’s well-being while decreasing the suffering and complications. This does take even more participation and cooperation of the patient. In conclusion, there are many things healthcare providers can attempt to do in order to educate the public. However, utilizing the three tiers of health promotion (primary, secondary, tertiary) shows a well-organized technique that can break down different levels of health. Every patient falls into at least one category on the continuum, so this is also making it easier for the provider when educating in that they can customize the patient’s care plan in a more organized way. This includes tilizing the nursing process, critical thinking, and therapeutic communication allowing nurses to identify where the patient fits into the wellness continuum and helping them reach their highest level of wellbeing. How to cite Health promotion, Papers

Enterprise Resource Planning Adoption at Nestle - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEnterprise Resource Planning Adoption at Nestle. Answer: Introduction According to Garca-Snchez and Prez-Bernaln (2007) Enterprise systems (ES) refers to comprehensive software application packages that support data analytics, business processes, reporting in complex organizations, and information flows. Even though ES are largely packaged enterprise application software (PEAS) systems, there is a possibility of modifying and customizing them to support specific organizational wants. As such, some of the common ES include custom relationship management software, enterprise planning system, and enterprise resources planning (ERP) systems (Davenport, Harris Cantrell, 2004). Several organizations have adopted different enterprise systems to meet their urgent needs of streamlining workflow or ease the management of firms' activities. In particular, ERP offers companies' chances of re-engineering their business processes, empower employees or users with real-time access to all data of the company in real time and consolidate data. Besides, it also helps or ganizations manage branches that are geographically apart. This report will, therefore, look into a case study of a real-life example of how an organization implemented an enterprise system to solve an identified business problem. A Case Study of ERP Implementation at Nestle, United States of America (USA) Nestle USA is a subsidiary of Nestle SA, a candy-making giant with its headquarters in Switzerland (Dieringer 2004). To operate as a giant and be competitive, the management of Nestle SA saw the need to standardize its operation considering the high number of employees and operations spanning to over eighty countries. The role out of the ERP targeted business intelligence modules, fulfillment, demand planning, supply chain, direct procurement, procurement, production management, planning, accounts receivables, and accounts payables. This decision was reached at after successful implementation of ERP in the United Kingdom (UK) companies who had over six thousand users where there was a need to re-engineer work processes and practices, tighten the supply chain, and leverage the size of the organization. Similarly, Nestle USA had challenges in its production system that prompted the adoption of the ERP system. Before the implementation of the ERP, Nestle USA used Business Excellence through System Technology (BEST) where there were twenty-eight points of customer entry and nine different ledgers (Dieringer, 2004). As such, there was dire need to bring down these 28 points of entry and 9 ledgers to one. In additional to reducing the numbers, there was an interesting problem with the vanilla. The problem with Nestle USA arose from the fact that all the branches operated and worked independently, making their own production and management decisions. A close examination of the various companies located in the USA revealed several worrying redundancies, where 29 different prices for vanilla existed in Nestle USA's brands that were paid to a particular vendor (Dieringer, 2004). This state of affairs thrived on the fact that each factory negotiated their own deals with the vendor. The vendor also reacted by adjusting his prices depending on the factory prices offered, and what he thought the company could pay. The situation got worse since each factory had their way of referring to vanilla. For example, whereas one company referred vanilla as 6635, the other referred to vanilla as 30567 thus bringing confusion to corporate managers and general decision making at Nestle SA when comparing manufacturing cost across the different plants. As such, there was a need to control data and centralize financial reporting and forecasting to bring consistency and accuracy in their operations since each factory acted as autonomous units. Furthermore, Nestle was facing severe competitive disadvantage and there was a need to use one system to improve efficiency and ultimately survive in the global economy. The Nature of ERP, its Implementation, and Adoption ERP systems make it easy to track workflow across various departments and establish a common relationship between geographically dispersed companies dealing with similar products or services. Its application has been a success in human resource management, supply chain management, customer relationship management, finance management, manufacturing warehouse management, and logistics management (Olson Kesharwani 2010). A key nature of ERP is reducing operational cost when manually tracking data and perhaps duplicating data when using different and individual systems. In addition, ERP has a nature of improving efficiency, forecasting, collaboration, scalability, and integration of information of a company. Organizations using ERP system have an edge in competition, cost saving, mobility, reporting, productivity, flexibility, customer service, security, regulatory compliance, and streamlined business processes (Spathis Constantinides 2004). Implementation of the ERP system follows six critical steps (Winkelmann Klose 2008). Discovery and Planning Start smart by identifying and assembling the right internal team that comprises of staffs, managers, executives, and owners. From here, documentation of current issues and potential solutions takes place. After documentation, construction of the project plan follows. Design This step involves configuring how the new enterprise system will look like and how the organization will use it to meet her objectives. At this stage, project and implementation team will create an important configuration, defining new roles and documenting standard procedures. Development At this point, the system is prepared with a goal of going live. Activities such as importing data, developing user training, and making necessary customizations are common at this stage. Testing The new ERP system is tested and assessed whether it can work as per the requirements. Further, fine tuning the configurations is necessary to meet all the project requirements. At this point, project team members can start working on this interface. Deployment The implementation team and project team can launch the new system or still hold on. Before going live, the final data will be loaded and validated. A further training of employees who will work on the new system is carried out before shutting down the old system. Ongoing Support After implementation and adoption of the ERP system, the project team will be working on making adjustments and changes to the system configuration as the situation may require. Difficulties Nestle USA faced while adopting the ERP While adopting the new ERP system, the management sampled a team of fifty top executives and ten senior Information Technology (IT) professionals who had the responsibility of developing a set of best practices for the Nestle USA. The team required an overhaul of the entire old approaches and adopt the new manufacturing to sales approaches that were developed. At the same time, the technical team had the mandate of implementing a common data structure across the company (Dieringer, 2004). Even though the management and the technical team were implementing these processes, employees were not part of the team designing the system. Problems started when employees resisted the new ERP system as they could not incorporate it as soon as possible. As time progressed, the implementation caused confusion as employees could not maneuver through the new system in addition to being forced to adopt the new processes. During the implementation, divisional executives did not form part of the profes sionals and the technical team in planning and development of the system. This worsened the situation further as the supervisors and employees were less willing to correct the mess that had developed. Moreover, the implementation challenges did spread to technical difficulties during the rollout. There was a hitch in integrating points between the modules. As a result, the different modules could not communicate with each other. For example, when customers got discounts from the sales person, then the account receivable portion of the system could not factor in the discount. The overall outcome was that, even after customers paying full amount, the invoice reflected partial payment (Dieringer 2004). Eventually, the management halted the rollout and the project manager removed. A new 19 member task force was formed to spearhead the new system. Important changes in redefining business requirements later saw the adoption become a success. Assessment of the Success of the ERP System According to Dieringer (2004) Nestle USA claims that two years into implementing the new ERP, they realized a saving of over $325 million. Areas such as demand and forecasting and supply chain showed tremendous improvements compared to the previous system, BEST. A sneak into the old system reveals that demand and forecasting was more manual and involved a lot of assumptions that produced poor results (Dieringer 2004). There was general improvement on trustworthy demand forecasts with the new system, business processes, and a common database. Furthermore, forecasting down the entire distribution center became very easy as all Nestle USA companies adopted the same data (Buonanno et al. 2005). Besides saving money, the entire Nestle USA came together as one organization. As such, the vanilla identification problem became history since all the factories adopted the same database (Cordn, Hald Seifert 2013). In addition, common processes that allowed centralization of functions and simplified operating procedures in developing training procedures streamlined the overall management of Nestle USA. Nonetheless, in situations where employees relocated, they could easily adapt to the new factory without spending additional time in orientation (Lall Teyarachakul 2006). Conclusion Enterprise systems are very important components of an organizational management. A proper customized system is necessary for companies to realize their goals and measure growth. From the case study of Nestle USA, it is very clear that businesses encounter problems related to systems' set up, and choosing the right system is key in managing manufacturing, finances, and human resource problems. It is also important for companies to follow due process in implementing enterprise systems, especially ERP to realize their intended objectives within the shortest time possible. ERP system is very good and companies should try it out. Bibliography Buonanno, G., Faverio, P., Pigni, F., Ravarini, A., Sciuto, D. and Tagliavini, M., 2005. Factors affecting ERP system adoption: A comparative analysis between SMEs and large companies.Journal of Enterprise Information Management,18(4), pp.384-426. Cordn, C., Hald, K.S. and Seifert, R.W., 2013.Strategic Supply Chain Management. Routledge. Davenport, T.H., 2000.Mission critical: realizing the promise of enterprise systems. Harvard Business Press. Dieringer, D.S., 2004. ERP implementation at nestle. Davenport, T.H., Harris, J.G. and Cantrell, S., 2004. Enterprise systems and ongoing process change.Business Process Management Journal,10(1), pp.16-26. Garca-Snchez, N. and Prez-Bernal, L.E., 2007. Determination of critical success factors in implementing an ERP system: A field study in Mexican enterprises. Lall, V. and Teyarachakul, S., 2006. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) system selection: a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach.Journal of Computer Information Systems,47(1), pp.123-127. Markus, M.L. and Tanis, C., 2000. The enterprise systems experience-from adoption to success.Framing the domains of IT research: Glimpsing the future through the past,173, pp.207-173. Olson, D.L. and Kesharwani, S., 2010.Enterprise information systems: contemporary trends and issues. World Scientific. Spathis, C. and Constantinides, S., 2004. Enterprise resource planning systems impact on accounting processes.Business Process Management Journal,10(2), pp.234-247. Vaman, J.N., 2007.ERP in practice: ERP strategies for steering organizational competence and competitive advantage. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Winkelmann, A. and Klose, K., 2008. Experiences while selecting, adapting, and implementing ERP systems in SMEs: a case study.AMCIS 2008 Proceedings, p.257.

Tragic memory Essay Example For Students

Tragic memory Essay When I first read Two by Jim Cartwright, I didnt understand it, but as weve been looking deeper in to it, I now understand his style, and I think its very clever. He writes in such a way that it makes you think deeper, in ways the relationships between the couples is quite authentic.  I really liked it because I found the script very amusing and interesting, and it kept my attention. I found it highly amusing when Mr Fred Alice started talking about what happened to be on TV. Fred: Lets remember him, lets give him a name  Alice: Fat Fat Palomino!  It made me think deeper when they carried on there conversation, I think it made the audiences heart melt when they started picking out each others negatives, as it made us realise they love each other for who they are, and there comfortable with each others appearance.  Alice: Were close in our own way  Fred: As Close as we can get with our fat! We will write a custom essay on Tragic memory specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now My favourite characters had to be Roy and Lesley, because there relationship was the most interesting, and as a reader I feel I could really get into it. It kept me gripped, and wanting to read on. They were definitely a rare combination, as the personalities did not match at all.  Furthermore, If I was to play a character, I would chose Roy, because although he comes across as really aggressive, I like how he is outgoing, and not afraid to speak his mind. He seems a really controlling character, but its interesting because it makes you think has he always been like that, or did something happen to him to make him so self conscious and protective.  In the contrast, I didnt really enjoy reading into Moth Maudie, because in my opinion they seemed too common, and in ways it made me think too much about reality, and the youths relationships. The play Two is set in a Pub owned by a husband and wife who are constantly bickering. Two is skilfully scripted; Jim Cartwright has written it in such a way that it comes across to readers as humourous but however it also shows the harsh reality. Originally the script was written for two actors, who would play all fourteen characters. During the course of the evening assorted customers pass through the pub, including a little boy that happened to be left behind by his father this leads to an event which triggers movement towards a tragic memory between the pub couple, and through out that, their own dark tragedy is revealed, and this happens to be the root to their arguments. With relationships it explores; Faithfulness; Domestic Violence; Old Age; and Death. The underlying message seems to be that trust is the key to all sucesful relationships. All the couples except Fred Alice have relationship problems, causing them to argue continuously. E.g. Maud cant keep his eyes on one woman, and Maudie is forced to put up with his selfish, greedy behaviour.

The 4 Simple Stages of an Engaging Email Funnel Strategy

The 4 Simple Stages of an Engaging Email Funnel Strategy Throw a piece of swag at a marketing conference and you’ll (lightly) hit someone who can tell you about the importance of an email list. They’re not wrong. Despite new and flashy marketing channels constantly popping up, email remains one of the strongest for so many companies. According to eMarketer, 73% of in-house marketers worldwide said that email marketing provided a strong ROI in 2017, making it the most commonly reported answer in their survey. But most of the email marketing advice  out there is focused on building your list. Collecting subscribers. Hoarding fans. They don’t explain how to actually turn those subscribers into leads and customers. Remember, building your list is only the first step in the email marketing process and converting your audience into customers. If you don’t use that list wisely and plan how to move subscribers to the next step, the rest of the buyer’s journey will never take place. But when used strategically, email marketing is one of the most all-encompassing marketing channels you can use. It doesn’t just build an audience or generate leads, it’s incredibly effective in every single stage of the sales funnel. From capturing visitors at the awareness stage to nurturing current customers and retaining them long-term, email reliably gets results. Does this make you want to shape up your strategy  ASAP? Good. It’ll be worth it. Before you get to work, let’s break down what your email strategy should accomplish at every stage of the customer journey, and examples and ideas to get your brainstorming started. The 4 Simple Stages of an Engaging Email Funnel Strategy by @thatbberg via @Table of Contents: Step 1: Generate Leads at the Top of the Funnel Step 2: Nurture Leads in the Middle of the Funnel Step 3: Convert Customers at the Bottom of the Funnel Step 4: Activate Customers and Retain Them Forever Step 1: Generate Leads at the Top of the Funnel Building your list may not be the beginning and end of a strong email marketing strategy, as some marketers make it out to be, but it’s definitely the start of the process. Email opt-ins are one of the best ways to capture website and social media visitors at the top of the marketing funnel who aren’t yet ready to buy. When someone comes to your blog, for example, and enjoys the content and overall experience but isn’t ready to buy your product, subscribing to your email list is an alternative call-to-action that still brings them closer to becoming a customer. Someone handing you their email is essentially inviting you to market to them, as long as you provide value as well. Given how hard it can be to reach your audience on other platforms, say algorithm-determined news feeds, you want this direct relationship with as many people in your audience as possible. But they’re just as aware of how personal giving you their email address is, compared to something like following you on Instagram. Because of that, getting strangers to subscribe to your email list can be a challenge - especially if they’ve got hundreds of emails in their inbox already. Here’s how you can rise to the challenge and more to build a thriving, converting list of subscribers, based on ’s own success building a list of over 300,000: Send a Value-Packed Weekly Newsletter The email newsletters we’re talking about aren’t just your PDF pamphlet or weekly sales promos some businesses will call a newsletter. No, we mean high-value content that inspires, nurtures, and converts. That’s what a good newsletter looks like, for example ’s own weekly recap of new marketing advice, both from here on the blog and around the web. (Image source: https://.com/blog/how-to-make-an-email-newsletter/) In an era where we’re obsessed with custom lead magnets and interactive webinars and newer, flashier content types, it takes great content to make one worth signing up for. To make sure your newsletter can stand on its own in terms of attracting subscribers, make sure to: Determine a focused goal to base your newsletter strategy around, such as generating or nurturing qualified leads, driving customer renewals, etc. Create a theme and content strategy  your newsletters can follow, like ’s theme of the latest content to help marketers achieve their goals. Write newsletter copy that cultivates your brand. They may have an old reputation for being promotional and impersonal, some of the more popular modern newsletters, like TheSkimm  and The Hustle, build such an engaged community by developing strong brand voices  and personalities. Anyone can get started, no fancy technology needed. MailChimp  is free to get started with and powers some of the most popular brands on the internet, so you can start simple with it and build your strategies out further as you scale. Offer Lead Magnets Like Free Tools and Resources If sending a value-based newsletter every week for the foreseeable future, in addition to any more promotional emails, doesn’t fit into your content strategy, there are lots of other ways to attract new subscribers. For example, trading a free asset in exchange for a reader’s email address is a great way to provide a ton of extra value without the ongoing content creation  a newsletter can involve. You can create and develop the lead magnet once and promote and mention it in blog posts and other content for months. Trading a free asset in exchange for a reader’s email address is a great way to provide a ton of...Popular and easy-to-create lead magnets include: Checklists and cheat sheets Fillable or printable workbooks Ebooks Spreadsheet and document templates You can also take free offers to the next level and instead of creating a PDF or downloadable asset, you can create an interactive tool subscribers can get get ongoing value from. Some great examples include ’s Headline Analyzer, Mention’s Brand Grader, and Unbounce’s Landing Page Analyzer. Run Email Courses and Challenges To combine the educational value of content offers with the ongoing value of tools, something like an email course or challenge can give you the best of both options. They can involve a full series of emails, as opposed to a single downloadable asset. This can both help content feel more manageable to consumers, and help you build up a relationship with them over the course of a few days instead of a one-time transaction. You can choose to educate your new subscribers over the course of a few days, such a free 5-day email course, or focus on more action-oriented content with a challenge to achieve a certain result within the length of the offer. Hold Audience-Building Live Webinars The final lead generation tool to mention today is live webinars. Live, video-based content is a powerful tool at every stage of the funnel, so it will be mentioned again, but one of the most valuable elements of webinars is how willing people are to hand over an email to attend them. That makes them gold for lead generation, especially when you really perfect it. Lead generation webinars can be done over and over on the same topic and taken on tour to new audiences, like a virtual public speaking circuit. Lead generation webinars can be done over and over on the same topic and taken on tour to new...This exact strategy was a major factor in growing ConvertKit  from $98k to $625k in monthly recurring revenue. ConvertKit’s marketing team used collaborative webinars with affiliates to build an early audience and community around their product. They were able to perform the same webinar more than 150 times, each time to a new audience that converted incredibly well. Years later, it’s a tactic they continue today. With marketing-focused webinar tools that let you worry more about the content than technology, it’s become easy for businesses of any size to build full marketing campaigns around webinars. For example, ClickMeeting  is one option that’s not just for running webinars, but converting from them with features like built-in call-to-action buttons. (Image source: https://clickmeeting.com/tools) Step 2: Nurture Leads in the Middle of the Funnel Okay, you’ve found a lead gen tactic that works for you. Once you’re generating leads and subscribers, you need to do something with them. Next, you want to: Qualify them as potential customers, and Segment them according to your team’s buyer personas Once you’ve qualified someone and matched them to a buyer persona, you can match them to your most relevant product, service, value proposition, etc., and then plan emails that strategically guide them towards purchase. It sounds complicated, but with most email marketing and marketing automation software, it’s done easily and automatically. For example, you can segment your leads before ever interacting with them based on simple information, like: Which lead magnet, form, or web page they subscribed through Website and subscriber behavior Demographic information Lead scoring can be done the same way. And remember, drip sequences are your friend! By consistently emailing leads, you keep them engaged and have the opportunity to learn more about them through their opens, clicks, and replies. By consistently emailing leads, you keep them engaged and have the opportunity to learn more about...During nurturing, you want to continue providing value, building trust, and developing a relationship with your lead up until the final moment before they convert. Each email is a new opportunity to build more rapport with them as well as learn about their behavior and customize your marketing accordingly. You want to build up to the moment of conversion: where you’re talking to the right person with the right message and the right timing. How do you do that? Here are some of the types of emails that nurture leads and get them to the next stage of the sales funnel. Use Self-Segmentation Emails A self-segmentation email presents different options to your leads and lets them select which is most relevant. You can then move them into appropriate email segments based on which option or options they click. You have lots of options for how you can segment, based on what’s most useful to your business: What types of content they prefer Which topics they’re most interested in Goal or reason for signing up for your list This works great as a welcome or confirmation email when someone first signs up, but you can ask someone to self-segment more than once and at any point in the buyer’s journey. Everyone appreciates the promise of more relevant and useful emails. Everyone appreciates the promise of more relevant and useful emails.Send Case Studies and Customer Stories As you start to introduce your leads more directly to your product, you want to do as much as you can to help them see themselves using your product or service. While segmentation so you can more specifically talk to people is great, you need to â€Å"show† as well as â€Å"tell.† Sending leads case studies, success stories, testimonials, and other social proof featuring customers similar to them will do that. Keep Providing Free Resources Til The End Finally, continuing to offer free content that’s jammed with value will continue to make an impact throughout the funnel. As a lead moves through your nurturing content and you learn more about them, you can even get more relevant, personal, and valuable with that content. For example, by shifting the topics of your webinars from broader content to more solution-specific ideas, you can use them for nurturing as well as lead generation. Monitoring software Mention, for example, offers both topical webinars like those discussed above (like one they hosted with !), as well as more product-focused webinars that are ridiculously helpful for those already interested in them. (Image source: https://info.mention.com/live-training) If you do provide multiple formats of nurturing content, like adding webinars to your email sequences, make sure you’re able to track results both per channel and for your whole funnel. For example, marketing dashboards like Cyfe  let you pull in information from multiple apps and tools to track all stages and locations of the funnel in one place. You would just add pre-built widgets for your tools like Google Analytics, InfusionSoft, and Unbounce at their proper places in your funnel map. (Image source: https://www.cyfe.com/marketing-dashboard) Step 3: Convert Customers at the Bottom of the Funnel Congrats! Your email lead gen and nurturing are fantastic and have primed leads perfectly. You’ve shown value, built a relationship, and fired off all the psychological triggers  that have people ready to buy. This is obviously what you’ve been waiting for, the moment when your funnel (literally) pays off. With your email marketing funnel so carefully set up with the steps we’ve gone over, like using segmentation to provide super personalized value, you have a great chance of converting a new customer. And segmentation is about to come in handy yet again. In addition to using it to deliver more personalized nurturing campaigns, you can use it to offer your product or service in the most relevant way possible to each individual prospect. Between automated funnels and sequences and your seasonal/regular marketing calendar, you have lots of options for reaching your customers, all of which will be more successful the better the rest of your funnel is segmented. By combining segmentation with different conversion strategies like those listed below, you’re sure to be within reach once your customer has reached their moment of decision and purchase. Recommended Reading: How to Create a Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360%" Retarget Subscribers With Emails and Ads Once again, at this point you’re searching for that perfect moment when your prospect is ready to buy. At this point, you’ve built up enough of a reputation with them that ads placed in front of them will convert well. (Image source: https://okdork.com/how-to-spend-your-first-100-on-retargeting-ads/) You don’t need to stick to just email to reach them affordably - retargeting ads  can be some of the most cost-effective kinds of paid marketing. For example, AppSumo  was able to achieve a 224% ROI from a recent retargeting campaign. That said, email retargeting may be all you need, especially with your warmest leads, like e-commerce abandoned carts. Abandoned cart emails  find people who’ve essentially already decided to buy your product, so offering it one more time is often an easy win. (Image source: https://support.bigcommerce.com/articles/Public/Using-the-Abandoned-Cart-Saver) When Henna Caravan  first started using retargeting and abandoned cart emails, it had a major impact on acquisition of first-time customers. Founder Jessica McQueen explained to BigCommerce what it was like watching the results come in: â€Å"That’s turned into the most exciting part of my day, seeing an abandoned cart get converted into a sale...I had no idea that people were leaving their cart empty and how much was sitting on the table at the end of the day.† Create Time and Urgency-Based Offers Another great way to convert well-nurtured prospects is through offers based on limited time and other urgency factors. By building authentic and ethical deadlines  into your marketing, like expiring offers and discounts, into your funnel, you give warm prospects a reason to convert today versus next week. A great tool for this, for example, is Deadline Funnel. It lets you easily create customized deadlines and scarcity offers for each lead, based on different email and website activity. So you could trigger a funnel with an expiring deadline for: New leads who’ve just signed up for your list Existing customers to celebrate occasions like birthdays Prospects who have visited certain high-intent pages on your website It’s a â€Å"get ‘em while they’re hot† approach that can lead to crazy high conversion rates when the situation is right. Recommended Reading: How to Effectively Measure Marketing ROI With Google Analytics and a Simple Formula Onboard Free Trial Users Finally, if you’re selling something with some kind of free trial like software, you can’t assume that they’re sold once they’ve signed up for a free trial. The true conversion - them becoming a paying customer - hasn’t happened yet. You still need to further engage and nurture them, and this is where it matter most. You can introduce tutorials, use cases, and more product-related content to get them to the final purchase point. For example, as noted in Val Geisler’s onboarding teardown, Mixmax  sends their free users an introduction to the product in the form of an email course or educational sequence. (Image source: valgeisler.com/email-onboarding-tear-down-mixmax/ Step 4: Activate Customers and Retain Them Forever Once someone becomes a customer and reaches the bottom of the sales funnel, you might think your job as a marketer is over. Sorry, but that’s not the case. Retaining customers and extending your relationship with them lets you optimize your lifetime customer value and increase your marketing ROI. So once someone becomes a customer, enjoy a very brief break, because soon it’s time to start working towards their next conversion. Email is one of the best ways to keep in touch with and nurture them here, too. You want to continually prove and increase value, let customers improve their experience, and make your product sticky in their lives, so they’ll renew, upsell, refill, or whatever you need them to do. It’s not too different from nurturing prospective customers, except that you can and should talk about your products and services more directly to keep customers engaged. And there are so many ways to do that. Recommended Reading: How to Select Marketing Metrics and KPIs to Monitor Keep Customers Engaged With Your Product One important way to use email is to keep people needing what you offer. Whether it’s an app, physical product, or service, remind them and help them keep it in their lives. (Image source: mine) I love the way Grammarly  does this. Since I use the free Chrome plugin running in the background, it’s not always at the forefront of my mind. But their weekly progress report emails giving me helpful stats and compliments (â€Å"You were quite the busy bee†), along with CTAs to use and upgrade my free account never let it fade to the background for long. Find Organic Upsell and Cross-Sell Opportunities In addition to keeping customers coming back, you also want to find opportunities to sell them bigger or related offers. The key to doing this without coming off as pushy, you’ll want to look for ways to recommend things in the context of the value you provide and your customer’s life. (Image source: mine) A great example of this is Care/Of vitamins. They send frequent product-based emails and newsletters that are super helpful and insightful, customized based on what products you buy from them. It allows customers to learn more about their health and products they’re already, and get even more free value. They win you over so well that the upsells and calls-to-action in the emails are completely natural and truly enticing. Activate Advocates With Referral and Word-of-Mouth Campaigns Finally, getting customers to buy again isn’t the only way to get more value and ROI from them. Customers have friends, colleagues, neighbors, and other people who might be your perfect customers. Advocacy marketing, referrals, and word-of-mouth let you use happy customers to find new ones just like them. While it takes a more mature product and funnel and should only be offered to satisfied and engaged customers, incentivizing already satisfied customers to share that satisfaction. Create a Yellow Brick Road With Your Email Funnels By now, you’ve seen multiple ways you can use email marketing at every stage of the sales funnel: You can generate leads with lead magnets, challenges, and other valuable free content Nurture those leads by segmenting and personalizing your emails and communication Convert them with retargeting, urgency, and epic onboarding Keep customers engaged long-term with customer emails and recommendations Whatever is holding back your funnel from achieving your marketing goals, you can pinpoint what stage of the journey is the problem and create an email funnel strategy to solve it.

The makeup of a good research question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The makeup of a good research question - Essay Example 3). Examples of these questions would involve the why’s and how’s of the object being studied. The data format of the answers derived from these questions is textual in nature. Quantitative research questions, on the other hand, aim to â€Å"quantify variation, predict causal relationships, or describe the characteristics of a population† (Mack et al., 2011). Questions that explore the differences, relationships, and characteristics of the object being studied, therefore, are quantitative in nature. The answers generated from these questions are usually numerical in nature. These questions sometimes aim to quantify otherwise unquantifiable objects by transforming them into measurable variables and relationships. Another defining characteristic of a quantitative question is its reliance on experiments and surveys as research methods. While quantitative and qualitative research questions differ in the way they attack a research problem, combining them can lead to a more insightful and comprehensive research study. Some studies, for instance, begin with a quantitative question to uncover manifest characteristics of an object being studied and then proceed to a qualitative one to delve deeper into the meanings and relationships within that object. References Brikci, M., & Green, J. (2007). A guide to using qualitative research methodology.

Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sociology - Essay Example Fears are sold through the media, as there is more coverage with millions of Americans being informed on a constant basis. Percentage figures are often used to show the dramatic increase in road carnage; with the media, print, television and radio carrying out thousands of stories about road carnage. The media is an essential asset in the society. This is clearly brought out in the book. Journalists and reporters have a role to play in the society. When they report erroneous and issues that have no facts, they can destroy the society especially through incitation (Glassner 20). The actual truth is that, road rage and its resultant carnage is on a very slow increase; this measurable in terms of years. The Pygmalion effect takes root, when more talk about road rage may result in the likely classification of incidents as accidents by police officers, reporters and insurance agents. Markedly has the increase been in the categorization of new dangers that lack out there, ready to do harm to the American public – from carjackers, home invasion robbers, kidnappers to deranged postal workers. Rather than confronting the society’s disturbing outcomes, the public engages, on a constant basis, in discussions that are centered on troubled individuals (Glassner 70). Campuses and schools are also new trouble areas where all manner of ills occur. Killer kids, is often used to refer to the children responsible for any eventual fatalities; the public not taking into account a number of factors such as socialization, mental disorders among others that may have contributed largely to the violence witnessed. A few incidences, in which students engage in violent actions, which often end in fatalities, are often overstated in the media and also among the surrounding communities. Gun control laws instead of gaining more support, often are received with criticism; this due to the fact that a majority of the public do feel safe when they are armed. This not only exacerbat es the issue, but also entails an increase in the quantity of weapons available to the public (Glassner 45). America’s health care system is top notch, with life expectancy having doubled. The US is able to both control and cure diseases now more than ever before, but tales abound as to the exceptional numbers of Americans who die from different complications; this supported by statistics that are often biased or completely wrong. American males, especially of African-American descent are often considered as criminals, with their White counterparts being considered as potential mass murderers; this after the wake of the Oklahoma bombing. Another aspect that is often exaggerated is on day-care workers, the clergy and pre-school teachers who supposedly sexually assault children. The different regulations that prohibit physical contact between the above and children may have aided in these fears. These fears have necessitated resource wastage on lengthy investigations and trials to expensive surveillance equipment that is to be used so as to curb any incident. The result has been that the American criminal justice system overheads have almost reached the $100 billion annually, monies that